Gender Differences And Gender Equality - 1171 Words

Throughout history, gender differences and gender equality have been issues that have faced many social, and unjustifiable conflicts. Women most importantly pay the consequences for wanting equality and justice. Since the beginning of time, women were perceived to be the submissive role in a household, and in the workplace. Fighting for their equal rights women and men are unified to get the same results, to be treated the way they deserve, and to be able to think freely about what they stand for. One question still remains, and that is to what end have man and women fought for gender inequality? Gender and inequality is an issue that continues to strive in the world’s population. Women have been fighting for centuries to be treated fairly in not only a social specter, but an economic one as well. The only way to move on and keep fighting is to understand what has happened in the past to lead to this argument. Kimberly Gauderman has claimed that the Audencia of Quinto is an ideal site for studying the position of women in 17th century Spanish America in her book â€Å"Women s Lives in Colonial Quinto† she begins by telling the stories of two women named Maria, and Ventura. Both women lived in Quinto, but only one got the justice she deserved. Both women live separately from their husbands because of abuse. The only difference was that Maria never got the help she needed from the authorities, but Ventura s husband was killed by police officers that were tryingShow MoreRelatedGender Equality And Gender Differences Of The Play Top Girls And A Streetcar Named Desire 1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe plays ‘Top Girls’ and ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ are written in ways that explore the issues surrounding gender equality and gender differences. Churchill explores the ideas of a feminist utopia where the men and women live in separate spheres which are prescribed to suit the stereotypical roles of the genders. For example at this time power dressing was a real strategy used by the new breed of feminists struggling for identity in society. We learn about the relationship between women and workingRead MoreGender Inequality Between Men And Women1255 Words   |  6 PagesHowever feminism maintains that women are treated in an unfair ways. Social gender roles lead to various forms of inequality and disparity between men and women, which in relation to the socio economic, political and cultural ideologies plays a negative role in girls (Asley 2014) .While some societies, defend gender differences based on their cultu ral norms and religious beliefs, this tends to restrict women physical and mental space.†Across social classes girls tends to have less physical mobilityRead MoreGender Differences And Gender Inequality1717 Words   |  7 Pages Gender differences and gender inequality are sometimes used interchangeably but do not refer to the same thing. The two concepts are common in gender literature; however, they are not uniform across different cultures based on the degree of conservative attitudes present. The significant differences between sexes and used as arguments against equal rights primarily against women’s rights. Hence, the gender issue has continually been created in light of the standard views or conceptions ofRead MoreThe Ways Gender Difference Is A Basis For Inequality974 Words   |  4 Pagesways gender difference is a basis for inequality in contemporary society? Gender refers to the socially constructed categories of feminine and masculine. It is one of the major factors in social difference and inequality in today’s society. Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles. Using a paragraph based approach I intend to individually analyse various aspects of gender differencesRead MoreGender Inequality And Gender Equality1667 Words   |  7 PagesGender inequality is the state in which access to rights or opportunities is affected by gender. Gender inequality is an issue not just nationally but globally. This issue is portrayed by the mistreating of individuals, mainly women, and not valuing everyone as one. This presentation will illustrate the exploration of gender equality, propose a solution and why that solution will produce a better future for a better world. Gender inequality is a very important issue common in our world today thatRead MoreGender Feminism And Transgender Activism : A Scientific Disillusion974 Words   |  4 PagesGender Feminism and Transgender Activism: A Scientific Disillusion Debra W. Soh at Los Angeles Times argues that gender feminists and transgender activists are undermining science. Soh begins by claiming that gender feminists and transgender activists are different philosophical/ideological groups yet they both ignore science purporting to advance or advocate for equality (par. 1). Furthermore, the author distinguishes traditional equity feminists from gender feminists on the ground that the latterRead MoreThe Key Dimensions Of Gender Equality920 Words   |  4 PagesThe key influences/dimensions of gender equality in the workplace comparing UK and Greece Introduction The aim of this essay is to critically analyze the key influences/ dimensions of gender equality in the workplace comparing U.K and Greece. There are many dimensions of gender equality in the workplace that have been researched and studied carefully over the years. This study will critically examine and highlight the importance of the key dimensions of gender equality in the workplace in these twoRead MoreGlass Ceiling in the Australian Work Force1506 Words   |  7 PagesGlass ceiling in the Australian work force is still an issue in today’s society. I will demonstrate how stereotyping affects males’ perception of women and how it affects women’s perception of gender roles, which supports the concept, that glass ceiling still exists. Stereotyping is to believe that, â€Å"all people or things with similar characteristics are the same,† (â€Å"stereotype†, 2014). The term glass ceiling refers to the invisible barriers that prevent women from succeeding and moving up the metaphoricRead MoreGender Equality And Sexual Equality967 Words   |  4 PagesGender equality refers to sexual equality that men and women should receive equal treatment as well as equal pay in the work place. Nor should they be discriminated against based on their gender. It can also be referred to as equality of the genders. It basically seeks to create equality in law and in social situations. Gender equality is also working to be present in political activities and securing equal pay in the work place. Gender inequality has gotten a lot better over the years and continuesRead MoreReligion Is A Major Source Of Gender And Sexual Inequality1614 Words   |  7 PagesReligion is a major source of gender and sexual inequality. Reli gion is important in society as it contributes significantly to social solidarity. However religion can also be regarded as a source of alienation in which people lose the connection with themselves and their fellow humans. Marx believed that religion can also be seen as a contributor to oppression because not only does it encourage meekness and passivity and deflected people from resisting suffering in this world (Van Krieken et al

Dostoevsky Psychiatric Genius Free Essays

The book Crime and Punishment and its author, Fyodor Dostoevsky, both came many years before their time. In the book, Dostoevsky clearly describes the medical disorders we now know today as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and dissociative identity disorder which is also known as multiple personality disorder. The book was first published in 1866, however, schizophrenia was first described officially in 1887 by Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Dostoevsky: Psychiatric Genius? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Emile Kraepelin and not given the name â€Å"schizophrenia† until Eugene Bleuler coined the term in 1911 (The History of Schizophrenia). And it was not until the late 19th and early 20th century that Pierre Janet coined the term dissociative identity (Pendergrast). Bipolar Disorder was also a relatively new disorder being that it was officially described in 1854 (â€Å"A Brief History of Bipolar Disorder†). The character of Raskolnikov is a good example of these three disorders because of the way he acts towards others or towards himself and then suddenly has a change of feelings or mindset. Schizophrenia is defined as a common type of psychosis, characterized by abnormalities in perception, content of thought, and thought processes (hallucinations and delusions) and by extensive withdrawal of interest from other people and the outside world, with excessive focusing on one’s own mental life (WebMD LLC). In the beginning of the book, the narrator talks about how Raskolnikov has â€Å"become so completely absorbed in himself, and isolated from his fellows that he dreaded meeting, not only his landlady, but anyone at all† (Dostoevsky 1). This is the first sign of schizophrenia that Dostoevsky shows in Raskolnikov, it is obvious that Raskolnikov has become isolated and does not want to be around any other people. Next, Raskolnikov’s illness is almost completely caused by his hallucinations, delusions, and dreams. This is seen in part two, chapter one after Raskolnikov has committed the murders â€Å"He sat down on the sofa in exhaustion and was at once shaken by another unbearable fit of shivering†¦he covered himself up with his winter coat and once more sank into drowsiness and delirium. † (92). This is also seen in chapter three after he returns to his room and has a dream about his landlady being beaten, â€Å"He was not completely unconscious, however, all the time he was ill; he was in a feverish state, sometimes delirious, sometimes half conscious. † (120). Raskolnikov continues to focus on his own mental state throughout the novel and he does not truly become well until the end of the story when he confesses, suffers, and becomes educated. Raskolnikov also has many symptoms of dissociative identity disorder, which is defined as a severe form of dissociation, a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a person’s thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity. Dissociative identity disorder is thought to stem from trauma experienced by the person with the disorder (WebMD LLC). Raskolnikov’s condition has obviously stemmed from the trauma Raskolnikov experienced after having committed the murders which is a major sign of dissociative identity disorder, and there are instances where Raskolnikov will do something and immediately completely regret his decision such as when he gives money to Marmeladov and then wants to go up to the room to take his money back â€Å"Raskolnikov had time to put his hand into his pocket, to snatch up the coppers he had received in exchange for his rouble in the tavern and to lay them unnoticed on the window. Afterwards, on the stairs he changed his mind and would have gone back† (Dostoevsky 26-27). Rakolnikov also has a form of dissociation because he gets into moods when he is thinking about certain things but disregarding other important details such as closing the door at the pawnbroker’s, locking his own door the night of the murder, and checking his clothes for blood. A third disorder that Dostoevsky describes through the character of Raskolnikov is bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a major affective disorder, or mood disorder, characterized by dramatic mood swings. Bipolar disorder is a serious condition, when mania causes sleeplessness, sometimes for days, along with hallucinations, psychosis, grandiose delusions, and/or paranoid rage (WebMD LLC). Raskolnikov has many mood swings throughout the story. One of the first examples is when he is debating whether he should go talk to his friend Razumikhin, he changes his mind several times and then decides not to see him. Raskolnikov also switches moods about his â€Å"act† that he is planning to commit which we come to know is the murder of Alonya Ivanova. He switches his decision several times and finally commits to killing her when he finds out that she will be alone at seven o’ clock, â€Å"he felt suddenly in his whole being that he had no more freedom of thought, no will, and that everything was suddenly and irrevocable decided† (Dostoevsky 65). We also know that Raskolnikov suffered from hallucinations, delusions, and paranoid rage that he used to kill Alonya. These hallucinations included the dream of the horse getting beaten, the dream that his landlady was being beaten, and the nightmare when Raskolnikov is trying to kill the pawnbroker but she does not die, she only laughs. Dostoevsky helped to pave the way for other doctors and scientists to discover all of the symptoms of these mental illnesses we now know as schizophrenia, dissociative identity disorder, and bipolar disorder. This shows how much Dostoevsky knew about human nature. He was able to pick out tendencies that many mentally ill people have. Not only did he describe these three, he also described alcoholism very accurately by using the character Marmeladov to show that alcoholism only leads to suffering and the more one continues to drink, the more suffering they endure, â€Å"â€Å"the more I drink, the more I feel it. That’s why I drink too. I try to find sympathy and feeling in drink†¦. I drink so that I may suffer twice as much! † And as though in despair he laid his head down on the table† (14). Dostoevsky was a very extraordinary man and he gave mankind many contributions. Psychology was an important part of Crime and Punishment, but it is also clear that Dostoevsky is a very intelligent writer and incorporates many different themes into his works. ? Works Cited â€Å"A Brief History of Bipolar Disorder. † Today’s Caregiver. 2009. http://www. caregiver. com/channels/bipolar/articles/brief_history. htm. Dostoevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. Ed. Bantam Classic Reissue. New York: Bantam Dell, 2003. â€Å"The History of Schizophrenia. † Schizophrenia. com. 2004. http://www. schizophrenia. com/history. htm . Pendergrast, Mark. Victims of Memory. Upper Access Books, 1996. â€Å"Schizophrenia. † Dictionary. com. 2009. http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/schizophrenia. WebMD LLC. â€Å"Bipolar Disorder. † WebMD. 2009. http://www. webmd. com/depression/guide/bipolar-disorder-manic-depression. WebMD LLC. â€Å"Dissociative Identity Disorder. † WebMD. 2009. http://www. webmd. com/mental-health/dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder. WebMD LLC. â€Å"Medical Dictionary: Schizophrenia. † WebMD. 2009. http://dictionary. webmd. com/terms/schizophrenia. How to cite Dostoevsky: Psychiatric Genius?, Essay examples

Thesis free essay sample

Chalked Husseins aim was to not only call attention to the devastation in Afghanistan; he set out to remind the world that before he last few decades under the worlds scrutinizing eye slighting the negativity of the country, Afghanistan was a generally peaceful nation. Afghanistan gained international attention after the coup of 1973. From 1933 until 1973 Afghanistan was ruled by monarchy. On July 1 7th 1 973 power was seized from the monarchy and by April 1978 the power of the country lied in the hands of the PDA or the peoples Democratic party of Afghanistan.The military coup was nearly bloodless, but was still a very frightening time for the people of Kabul who heard rioting and shooting in the streets; as is depicted through the eyes of Emir, the protagonist of The Kite Runner. The PDA instituted many political and social reforms in Afghanistan, including abolishing religious and traditional customs. The reforms incensed groups of Afghans who believed in adherence to traditional and religious laws. Based on the analysis and interpretation of data, it was found out that most of the respondents are female. Most of the respondents are place in the first sibling position.Almost all of the respondents belong to an average income family and all the respondents owned a television and cell phone. It was also found out that the experimental group got a higher score than the passing score than the control group. There is a significant difference between the performance of the control and experimental group and on how the experimental group perceived the effectiveness of video lesson with respect to content, visual effect and clarity, the overall mean is 3. 82 noted as Outstanding.Based on the findings, it was concluded that the experimental group accomplish a score higher than the passing score than the control group. With this, it can be well observed that the students had a greater knowledge and absorption of the lesson taught through the use of video lesson. It is recommended that the School administrator should employ and make use of video lesson and other instructional materials in the classroom teaching and learning process. Social Studies Teacher must guide the students on the limitation of using technology and the use of video lesson in teaching and learning Social Studies.

Japan Facing the cultural challenges of Japan and their keiretsu Essay Example

Japan: Facing the cultural challenges of Japan and their keiretsu Paper 1. Introduction The aim of this report is to provide an in-depth analysis on Japans macro environment and to assist a company, such as Experian, in evaluating whether or not to enter the Japanese market. When exploring the possibility of entering a foreign market, country risk analysis is usually carried out. This examines the chances of non-market events (political, social, and economic) causing financial, strategic, or personnel losses to a firm following investment. (Rugman, A. and Collinson, S. 2006, p.373) One of the common tools used in evaluating a particular environment is the PESTLE framework. This incorporates political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors to assess the environment. One can understand that these factors can be inter-linked, for example, the political and economic issues, however, it is a convenient tool for analysts. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan: Facing the cultural challenges of Japan and their keiretsu specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Japan: Facing the cultural challenges of Japan and their keiretsu specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Japan: Facing the cultural challenges of Japan and their keiretsu specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I believe that the most important factors for a firm to consider when entering Japan in particular are the social and cultural elements. As a result, I will investigate these factors further in this report, for example, by looking at the works of Geert Hofstede and Fons Trompenaars. I will also examine the role of keiretsu in Japan and the possible impacts that they could have on foreign investors. 2. Does the Japanese culture matter? This is a question that many investors ask themselves when considering entering a new market and the most common reply is that it is probably the greatest obstacle to success. However, a difficulty arises in defining the term culture. It can be, perhaps, be best understood as the shared beliefs of a group. (Dawes, B. 1995, p.58) When analyzing a new environment, firms need to identify the cultures in the chosen market, as such knowledge is necessary for success. Culture analysts have developed models to characterise cultures such as Hofsted and Trompenaars. Hofstede suggested four dimensions of culture (Appendix 1). From his study, Hofstede found the Japanese culture to be heavily reliant on group affiliations and loyalty, and described it as collective. Javidan, M. and House, R. J. (2001, p.292) explain that an important reason why this is, is due to its harsh environment and being unsupportive for the survival of its population. For example, it takes at least 20 people to successfully maintain a rice paddy. This is the opposite of what is generally found in the UK, where managers tend to encourage entrepreneurship and individual responsibility. As a result, prospective managers in Japan need to be aware of this cooperative issue. Also, due to strong uncertainty avoidance, members of Japanese culture prefer rules and structure. Furthermore, the Japanese culture is one that is masculine. For example, they value competitiveness and are assert ive than their counterparts. These are all factors that managers need to consider when entering Japan. Building on Hofstedes work, Trompenaars focussed more on the implications on management from cultural differences. His research concluded with seven dimensions of culture (Appendix 2) and for each one, he positioned each country relative to each other. From this study, he found the same conclusion as that from Hofstede, in that Japan is a collective society. In addition, it is a neutral culture in that they show less emotion in the workplace compared to others. Furthermore, the relationships developed in the workplace are diffused and extended into the whole society. Consequently, this provides an insight into possible conflicts that prospective managers may face. As a result, a possible solution could be to promote social events outside the workplace, as well as encouraging team-building exercises. As with any study, the models of Hofstede and Trompenaars can be criticised. Generalisations can be difficult to make due to the nature of national cultures; there are various definitions and they can be interpreted differently by various groups. Trompenaars, for example, have been criticised for failing to match their model satisfactorily to the actual responses of managers and basing some of their conclusions on differing, more subjective assumptions and observations. (Dawes, B. 1995, p.61) Even though such models have limitations, this model provides a framework and a foundation to research and develop further. The Japanese business environment is generally viewed as very traditional due to the very rigid labour laws and the general expectation of lifetime employment with the same employer. Consequently, in a survey of US companies with operations in Japan, about 62 per cent said difficulties in recruiting skilled staff were a factor. (Leadbeater, C. 1991, p.6) This system includes on-the-job training whereby employees are trained within the firm and partake in a long term programme. Also, with the prospect of rotations within the firm, employees have the opportunity to develop their professional abilities. Consequently, prospective investors should consider the costs of such training schemes that may need implementing. In addition, the tradition view is supported strongly due to the fact that Japan has an aging population. The demographics can clearly be seen below: Source: Anon. (2007). Business in Japan: Still work to be done. The Economist, 385(8557), p.13. Japans population is greying faster than that of any other big economy, so the old will become an increasing burden on workers. Today, one-fifth of Japanese are over 65; by 2015, the proportion will grow to one in four, or about 30m. (Anon. 2008a, p.31) Consequently, the problem of finding a young workforce may prove operating in Japan to be difficult. Dr William Ouchi has developed Theory Z based on the Japanese management style. This focuses on the welfare of the employees, on and off the job, as well as providing a job for life which increases loyalty. Thus employees morale and productivity increases. Further characteristics include collective responsibility and decision making, as well as employee evaluation on a longer term perspective. Subsequently, to control a successful workforce, these characteristics should be implemented. Being the leader of a Pacific trading bloc, more countries are trying to emulate Japans success by emulating their practices. Consequently, learning the Japanese approach should be more important for foreign firms. Nevertheless, in reality this is not the case as Czinkota (1998, p.22) found in 1991, only 1,180 U.S. students attended school in Japan, whereas more than 30,000 Japanese students came to the United States. Unless we learn to observe and absorb Japanese knowledge and know-how to a greater extent, we will continue to be surprised by new developments because we werent paying attention. An alternative solution for investors could be to encourage and provide incentives for Japanese students who study abroad to return to Japan and work for their firm. 3. A changing nation? Nevertheless, there are positive signs in the Japanese market as the role of lifetime employment has been questioned by many recently. Could this be a stage of transition? Source: Anon. (2008a). Sayonara, salaryman. The Economist, 386(8561), p.61. The above graph shows that since the last thirty years, many firms have hired new staff on part-time or contract basis compared to permanent workers. The primary reason for this is that young professionals do not want to revolve their life around their work. Consequently, this shift in employment patterns has reduced inequality by allowing more women into the workforce and pensioners to rejoin. This decline in traditional characteristics and the opening of society is positive news to prospective investors in that it enables more flexible employment practices. 4. The affect of keiretsu In the very short time since 1989 a Japanese word migrated to America, jumped onto the cover of Business Week, made a dramatic debut before the U.S. Congress, did a variety of television appearances, and was quickly naturalized into the English language. The term keiretsu may lack the cultural associations of kimono and geisha and the upscale image of sushi, but it has accomplished something that these other Japanese imports have not: it has joined Americas business lexicon. (Miyashita, K. and Russell, D. W. 1994, p.ix) Keiretsu are a group of individual firms that can be viewed together due to their affiliation with one another and their networks. These can be of either horizontal or vertical hierarchy and involve the transfer of information, finance or personnel. They stand accused of restricting the opportunities of outsiders wishing to sell to keiretsu members and dominate certain markets, and have been labelled as one of the most important obstacles to foreign companies trying to penetrate the Japanese market. (Czinkota, M. R. and Kotabe, M. 1998, p.11) Consequently, for a firm such as Experian, to enter the Japanese market would be tough and a possible alternative would be to merge with a member of such a keiretsu. Nevertheless, this alternative would not be simple as the target firm would already have strong affiliations. Furthermore, Czinkota, M. R. and Kotabe, M. (1998) have carried out a study to find out what researchers, business executives and policy makers from the US, Europe and Japan believe are the major barriers for foreign firms when entering Japan. The results identified 16 areas of concern and factor analysis showed the four major barriers to be government trade barriers, bureaucratic practices, the culture barrier (including keiretsu) and the very high level of demand from customers (Appendix 3). The high entry costs along with the keiretsu and their closed business links was identified as the most important barrier and one of the least likely to chance. This further strengthens my opinion that entry would be tough with restricted access. There were limitations in this study, for example, there were only 60 completed responses. Two-thirds of those responses were from American members and only 13 of them were from Japanese members. In addition, the occupation of those that took part was not evenly spread. Nevertheless, it seemed that the respondents nationality or their occupation did not have any bearing on the final results. 5. Japanese financial keiretsu Once the Tokyo Stock Exchange opened after the war in 1949, it was no longer the first choice for raising capital for many firms. As a result, the government enabled the development of bank-led keiretsu, which became firms primary choice. Consequently, every firm developed its network to include a bank to raise capital, for protection or to seek advice. Also, in a study by Professor Paul Sheard on the main bank system in Japan, he concluded that banks act as credit monitors; a substitute for the kind of screening and monitoring institutions that are prevalent in other capital markets, such as bond- and credit-rating institutions and security analysis institutions. (Miyashita, K. and Russell, D. W. 1994, p.50) In 1981, 84 per cent of the firms listed on the Tokyo stock exchange could be associated with a financial keiretsu, of which 76 per cent were affiliated with the six largest financial keiretsu (Berglà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½f, E. and Perotti, E. 1994). Consequently, for a firm such as Experian, the barriers to enter Japan are very high and there may be very little demand for such a firm. I do not believe that a firm with affiliations with financial keiretsu would turn to the new entrant. 6. Conclusion Having used a variety of sources for this report, I believe that I have sufficient evidence to form an unbiased opinion. If entered correctly, the Japanese market could prove particularly rewarding with considerable benefits. However, when deciding on whether to enter Japan or not, the social and cultural factors are very important to consider. It is true that the Japanese business environment is losing its traditional values, for example, with the reduction of lifetime employment, however, the demographics of Japan show an aging population. Also, the keiretsu do form a heavy guarded barrier to enter Japan and consequently, I believe that investors should investigate this further and possibly communicate with them. A recommended solution could be the possibility of a partnership or merger with an existing member of the keiretsu. For example, Experian could merge with a bureau within the Federation of Credit Bureaus of Japan. Note: Information regarding specific keiretsu can be limiting and biased, and therefore I decided not to consider it. Also, to support my conclusion further, I could have used more recent sources.

Reducing resistance among employees

Reducing resistance among employees Resistance refers to the process through which people refuse to conform to changes. They do not like the change because of different reasons. In most cases, resistance is because the change will alter the comfort of doing things. People do not fancy the idea of adopting new ways of life and doing something.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reducing resistance among employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, having to move from one office because of work reshuffle, work from that another office, and doing other duties that are not enjoyable, especially, if it happens more often than it should happen. Many do not like such ideas and will resist them. Below are ratings showing the indicators of preventing, minimizing, and tolerating resistance. Preventing resistance The organization prepares the employees for the upcoming changes. To a great extent, almost not at all 5 4 3 21 The organization appreciate s the feelings of the employees and tries to find out how they will cope with changes. They use questionnaires to get this information. 5 4 3 2 1 The organization makes several changes together 5 4 3 21 The organization appreciates the opinion of their employees and encourages them to take part in the change. 5 43 2 1 The organization cares only about the information to give the participants. 54 3 2 1 Employees feel that it is their fault; the organization thought of installing changes. 5 4 3 2 1 The managing director of the organization does care about the opinion of others. 5 4 3 21 Preventing resistance total: 20 out of 35 points The level High MediumLow Minimizing resistance The organization works hard to identify the symptoms of resistance. 5 43 2 1 The organization works hard to make participants communicate their feelings on the changes. 5 4 32 1 The organization works hard to include resistors in the team making changes. 5 4 3 21 The organization make s a change as its culture in order to prepare employees psychologically. 54 3 2 1 The organization celebrated the success of all employees and the organization in general. 5 4 3 21 The organization ensures that knowledge is available for everyone in all activities. 5 43 2 1 Employees in the organization feel that the organization is fair in terms of remuneration. 54 3 2 1 Minimizing resistance total: 25 The level HighMedium Low Tolerance resistance I like changes in the organization and always take them positively. 5 4 3 21 I do not socialize with employees or individuals who resist change in the organization. 5 43 2 1 I hate friction at work, and I enjoy making peace with people. 5 4 3 2 1 The organization is fair in its award. The organization awards the best performing participants. 54 3 2 1 I familiarize myself with the new changes in order to ensure that I qualify for the job 5 4 32 1 I respect the values of the organization, take change positively, and work towards adapting to it 5 4 3 2 1 Tolerating resistance total: 19 Tolerating level High Medium Low Other factors of reducing resistance There are three ways to prevent resistance. These are as follows: the first is to prevent resistance through the introduction of the change gradually in that organization, the second is to take time and prepare the employees psychologically for change through making suggestions that hint at the changes. Allowing employees to give their suggestions on the change is the third way of preventing resistance to change. This gives them the feeling that they contributed in the change implementation process (Avey Luthans, 2008, pp.48-70).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Several approaches can help minimize resistance to change. Three of these are as listed in this paragraph. The first is to ensure employee motivation through gener ous remuneration packages. Another way is to encourage change in the organization by celebrating successes of employees (Van Schyns, 2008, pp. 313-334). Lastly, resisting parties should have an opportunity to suggest collaborative methods with the new change. Finally, a person can use three approaches to tolerate resistance. The first is through accepting change because, otherwise, the employers will lay them off. Ensuring that rules are strict and all employees follow them strictly is the second. The third is restructuring the firm and reshuffling the employees, this way they will feel as if they are starting afresh and will most probably accept the change (Spiro, 2011, p. 69). In conclusion, resistance from employees can be changed by ensuring that employees take part in the change process. It is always advisable for employees to accept change in the organization in order to cope with it soonest possible. In most cases, change will make some employees feel out of place because th eir qualification does not allow them to do that job. This will help them to upgrade, otherwise, they will have to lose their job because the organization cannot work with people not fit for the job. References Avey, J, Wernsing, T, Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change: Impact of Psychological Capital and Emotions on Relevant Attitudes and Behaviors? The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44 (1), 48-70. Spiro, J. (2011). Leading Change Step-By-Step: Tactics, Tools, and Tales. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Van Dam, K., Oreg, S., Schyns, B. (2008). Daily work contexts and resistance to organizational change: The role of leader–member exchange, development climate, and change process characteristics. Applied Psychology, 57 (2), 313-334.

Types of Nouns - Parts of Speech for ESL

Types of Nouns - Parts of Speech for ESL One of the most important types of words in English are nouns. Nouns are a part of speech that indicate people, things, objects, concepts, etc. There are seven types of nouns in English. Abstract Nouns Abstract nouns are nouns that refer to concepts, ideas, and emotions, Abstract nouns are nouns that you cannot touch, are not made of materials, but play an important role in life. Here are some examples of common abstract nouns: successdepressionlovehateangerpowerimportancetolerance Tom has had a lot of success this past year.Many people prefer to let love inspire them rather than hate.Jack has little tolerance for people who waste his time.The desire for power has ruined many good people. Collective Nouns Collective nouns refer to groups of various types. Collective nouns are most commonly used with groups of animals. Collective nouns can be used in both the singular and plural form, although collective nouns tend to be used in the singular. Here are some common collective nouns referring to groups of animals: herdlitterpackswarmhive The herd of cattle moved to a new field to graze.Be careful! Theres a hive of bees someone near here. Collective nouns are also commonly used for names of institutions and groups within institutions such as academic, business, and governmental organizations. departmentfirmpartystaffteam Staff will meet at ten-thirty tomorrow morning.The sales department met its goals last quarter. Common Nouns Common nouns refer to categories of things in general, never to specific examples. In other words, when speaking about education in general someone might refer to university in a general sense. I think Tom should go to university to study science. In this case, university is a common noun. On the other hand, when university is used as part of a name it becomes part of a proper noun (see below). Meredith decided to go to the University of Oregon. Note that common nouns that are used as the part of a name and become proper nouns are always capitalized. Here are some common nouns that are often used as common nouns and parts of names: universitycollegeschoolinstitutedepartmentstate There are a number of states which are in financial difficulty.I think you need to go to college. Concrete Nouns Concrete nouns refer to things that you can touch, taste, feel, and see. There are actual things that we interact with on a daily basis. Concrete nouns can be both countable and uncountable. Here are some typical concrete nouns: Countable Concrete Nouns orangedeskbookcarhouse Uncountable Concrete Nouns ricewaterpastawhiskey There are three oranges on the table.I need some water. Im thirsty!My friend has just bought a new car.Can we have rice for dinner? The opposite of concrete nouns are abstract nouns that do not refer to things we touch, but to things we think, ideas we have, and emotions we feel. Pronouns Pronouns refer to people or things. There are a number of pronoun forms depending on how the pronouns are used. Here are the subject pronouns: Iyouhesheitweyouthey He lives in New York.They like pizza. There are many different forms of pronouns including subject, object, possessive, and demonstrative pronouns. Proper Nouns Proper nouns are the names of people, things, institutions, and nations. Proper nouns are always capitalized. Here are some examples of common proper nouns: CanadaUniversity of CaliforniaTomAlice Tom lives in Kansas.Id love to visit Canada next year. Uncountable Nouns/Mass Nouns/Non-Count Nouns Uncountable nouns are also referred to as mass nouns or non-count nouns. Uncountable nouns can be both concrete and abstract nouns and are always used in the singular form because they cannot be counted. Here are some common uncountable nouns: ricelovetimeweatherfurniture Were having lovely weather this week.We need to get some new furniture for our home. Uncountable nouns can generally do not take a definite or indefinite article depending on usage. Noun Types Quiz Decide whether the following nouns in italics are abstract, collective, proper, common, or concrete nouns.   There are two books on that table.  That pack of students are on their way to classes.I grew up in Canada.  She went to university in Alabama.  Youll find that success can lead to pain as well as pleasure.The team chose Barney as their leader.  Have you ever tried straight whiskey?I dont think hes in politics for power.Lets make some pasta for dinner.  Be careful! There is a swarm of bees over there. Answers books - concrete noun  pack - collective nounCanada - proper noununiversity - common nounsuccess - abstract nounteam - collective nounwhiskey - concrete noun (uncountable)power - abstract nounpasta - concrete noun (uncountable)swarm - collective noun

Walmart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Walmart - Case Study Example Instead, their ways of doing business never impressed the Germans therefore; the company lost the market to the local firms (p. 4).Wal-Mart decision to join the German market without carrying an analysis to understand their culture was an enormous mistake. Walton could have thought about the difference between Germans culture and the Wal-Mart ways of doing business. This could have helped him come up with ways of integrating the Wal-Mart culture with the German culture (p. 5). This could have helped them understand the best approaches to adopt in order to grasp the German market. He could have thought of the effect of the language barrier between customers and the American heritage employees. The best move that Wal-Mart was to follow was to get German origin employees who usually understood the cultural and custom practices of the Germans. This could have helped them to offer services effectively as per the cultural principles of the customers. With this, Wal-Mart could have succeeded in maintaining their identity without offending the German customers. Following the recommended six steps, an organization research group, will have enough time to interact with the people thus helping them to understand their needs and consumtion behavior, thus creating a deep relationship with the locals which would help the company. This will enable them to have a better relationship with the employees when the time comes to launch their business overseas (p. 6). Secondly, they can have reviewers to check for any cultural variation between the company culture and the people’s culture. This will help the company take the foreign culture in its operations to avoid resistance from the people. Wal-Mart experience has helped us to know that if any company wants to improve communication, it first has to use the local people who understand the customers’